Abbasid is the second Islamic dynasty. This Arabic family was descended from Abbas, the uncle of the Prophet Muhammad. The Abbasids ruled in Egypt in AD 750-868 and AD 905-935.
Amir:
Amir is an Arabic word that means "Prince or Commander". It was a term that was extensively used during the Mamluk period to refer to a commander of a unit of soldiers.
caliph:
a successor of the Prophet Muhammad and head of the Islamic community; traditionally always male
madrassa:
a theological school, usually for Sunni, for teaching Islamic theology and religious law
Mongols:
The Mongols are members of any of the traditionally nomadic peoples of Mongolia. During the Middle Ages the Mongols conquered and ruled much or all of Russia, Ukraine, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Afghanistan, Central Asia and China.
